Image1816.Table of contents

About this manual

How to use the beginner's handbook ?

Main chapters

1.Debian ? What's that ?

1.1.Free software ?

1.2.The social contract of Debian

1.3.The universal operating system

1.4.Debian and viruses

1.5.Where to find help

1.5.1.About forums, geeks, and the terminal

1.6.Contribute to Debian

1.7.Few links before moving on

2.A simplified introduction to computer systems

2.1.Test your level of computer skills

Outright beginner ?

Novice user ?

Basic user ?

2.2.The mouse

2.2.1.Identify the clicks depending on their positions

2.2.1.1.Left-click and double-click

2.2.1.2.Right-click

2.2.1.3.Middle-click

2.2.2.Actions executed with the mouse

2.2.2.1.Closing a window

2.2.2.2.Moving a window

2.2.2.3.Resizing a window

2.2.2.4.Drag-and-drop

2.2.2.5.Text selection

2.2.2.6.Copy and paste a selection

2.2.2.7.Selection of several items

2.3.The keyboard

2.3.1.The modifier keys

2.3.2.Keyboard shortcuts

2.3.3.Special characters

Online exercises

2.4.The users

$USER

ROOT

Separate to secure

3.The graphical environment

3.1.The task bar

3.2.Menus

3.3.Windows

3.4.Virtual desktops

3.5.File management on GNU/Linux

3.5.1.Your personal data

3.5.2.Your hidden files

3.5.3.System files

3.6.An example of system file manager: Thunar

3.6.1.Simplified presentation of Thunar

3.6.2.Usage and functionality of Thunar

3.6.2.1.Consulting your data

3.6.2.2.Data selection

3.6.2.3.Classifying the data

3.6.2.4.Data modification using the contextual menu

3.6.2.5.Data removal

3.7.Rights and permissions

3.7.1.Rights and permissions from the contextual menu

3.8.The terminal

3.8.1.Presentation

3.8.2.User mode example

3.8.3.Administrator mode example

3.8.4.Launching an "administrator terminal"

4.Pick your Debian

You want to try the Debian journey

Choosing a Debian derivative ?

4.1.Choosing the architecture

4.1.1.To make it easy

4.1.2.Checking the architecture

4.2.Choosing your GNU/Linux desktop

4.2.1.Gnome

4.2.2.KDE

4.2.3.Mate

4.2.4.Cinnamon

4.2.5.Xfce

4.2.6.LXDE/Openbox

5.Installing Debian

5.1.Before installing

5.1.1.Hardware compatibility

5.1.2.Backing up your data

5.1.3.Disk space requirement

5.1.4.Installation time duration

5.1.5.Preparing the hard disk

5.2.Downloading Debian

5.2.1.Which image to download?

5.2.1.1.Debian Netinst

5.2.1.2.Debian on CD/DVD

5.2.1.3.Debian torrent

5.2.1.4.Debian Live

5.2.2.Verifying the ISO image integrity

5.2.2.1.Checking md5 on GNU/Linux

5.2.2.2.Verifying md5 on Windows®

5.2.3.ISO transfer on a CD/DVD

5.2.4.ISO transfer on a USB key

5.2.4.1.From a GNU/Linux system

5.2.4.2.Using Rufus on a Windows® PC

5.2.5.Booting from the CD/DVD or the USB device

5.2.5.1.The Boot Menu

5.2.5.2.BIOS configuration

5.2.5.3.BIOS/UEFI/Secure Boot configuration

5.3.Single-boot installation

5.3.1.Starting the installation

5.3.2.Selecting your language and your geographical location

5.3.2.1.Select your language

5.3.2.2.Select your geographical location

5.3.2.3.Configure your keyboard

5.3.3.Network configuration

5.3.3.1.System name setting

5.3.3.2.Domain name setting (if necessary)

5.3.4.Creating User accounts

5.3.4.1.Root account creation

5.3.4.2.First user account creation

5.3.4.3.First user password setting

5.3.5.Hard disk partitioning to receive the installation

5.3.5.1.Selecting the guided or manual partitioning scheme

5.3.5.2.Selecting the disk to partition

5.3.5.3.Patitioning scheme selection

5.3.5.4.Modify or finish the partitioning

5.3.5.5.Partitioning overview and formating process launch

5.3.6.Package management configuration

5.3.6.1.Analysis of the CD/DVD complementary contents (if necessary)

5.3.6.2.Using the repository mirrors

5.3.6.3.Selecting the network mirror country

5.3.6.4.Selecting the server hosting the archive mirror

5.3.6.5.Configuring a proxy server (if necessary)

5.3.6.6.Participating - or not - to the Debian popularity-contest

5.3.6.7.Selecting software

5.3.6.8.Packages installation

5.3.7.Finishing the installation

5.3.7.1.Installing Grub, the boot loader

5.3.7.2.Selecting the Grub location

5.3.7.3.Installation complete

5.3.8.Debian first start-up

5.4.Dual-boot installation

5.4.1.Back-up the original system

5.4.2.Preparing the disk before installation

5.4.2.1.Defragmenting under Windows®

5.4.2.2.Freeing space for Debian

5.4.3.Launch the Debian installation

5.4.3.1.Manual hard disk partitioning

5.4.3.2.Selecting the free space

5.4.3.3.Automatic partitioning of the free space

5.4.3.4.Selecting the partioning scheme

5.4.3.5.Checking the proposed partitioning

5.4.3.6.Accepting the partitioning

5.4.3.7.Basic system installation

5.5.On-line installation details

5.5.1.LVM ... what's that?

5.5.2.Encryption ... what's for ?

5.5.3.RAID ... does it hurt ?

6.Fast boot after installation

6.1.Network connection setting

6.1.1.Check if the driver is present

6.1.2.Identifying a network device, and installing its driver

6.1.3.Network-manager-gnome

6.1.4.Wicd

6.1.5.KDE Connection editor

6.2.Configuring your printer

6.2.1.Simplified graphical method with system-config-printer

6.2.2.Universal graphical method with CUPS

6.3.Check for updates

6.3.1.Update with a terminal

6.3.2.Updates notification

6.4.Retrieve your email account

6.4.1.Icedove: your free mail client

6.4.1.1.Icedove setup

6.4.1.2.Icedove interface

6.4.1.3.Retrieve other email account(s)

6.4.1.4.Icedove settings

6.4.1.5.Protect your new and forwarded e-mails

6.5.Login configuration

6.5.1.Autologin with GDM

6.5.1.1.The graphical method

6.5.2.Autologin with LightDM

6.5.3.KDM configuration on KDE desktop

6.6.Navigate on Internet

6.6.1.About Internet browser

6.6.2.Firefox: a free web browser

6.7.Watch a video

6.7.1.VLC: a multimedia player

6.8.Listen to music

6.8.1.About audio format natively recognized

6.8.2.Rhythmbox: your music player

6.9.Work on word processor

6.9.1.LibreOffice the free office productivity suite

6.10.Edit your photos with the Gimp

6.10.1.Interface Overview

6.10.2.First Tips

7.Tweaking of your environment

7.1.User interface

7.1.1.The Gnome-Shell interface

7.1.1.1.Adding Gnome-Shell extensions

7.1.1.2.Gnome-Shell keyboard shortcuts

7.1.1.3.All Settings panel of the Gnome Desktop

7.1.1.4.The Gnome Classic interface

7.1.2.The KDE Plasma interface

7.1.2.1.The System Settings panel

7.1.2.2."Desktop layout" on KDE

7.2.System Preferences

7.2.1.Root-User / su-sudo

7.2.2.Read a commercial DVD

7.2.3.Using FlashPlayer

7.2.3.1.Installing the generic Flash Player

7.2.4.Installing a graphic card driver

7.2.4.1.Identifying your hardware

7.2.4.2.Installing the generic firmware

7.2.4.3.ATI/AMD card configuration

7.2.4.4.nVidia card configuration

7.2.4.5.Loss of the graphical session

7.3.Adding a new user

7.3.1.Adding a new user using the terminal

8.System administration

8.1.The software sources

8.1.1.The sources.list file

8.1.2.About repositories, branches and sections/components

8.1.3.Modifying the Repositories

8.1.3.1.Access the nearest repositories with httpredir

8.1.3.2.Using external sources: Firefox and the Mozilla repositories

8.2.APT in a terminal

8.2.1.'User' command to search and display information

8.2.2.'Administrator' mode commands for system maintenance

8.2.3.Backport packages

Example: install a newer version of LibreOffice

8.3.Synaptic: the comprehensive package manager

8.3.1.Main interface

8.3.2.Managing the repositories

8.3.3.Updating the system

8.3.4.Searching for a software

8.3.4.1.Look at a package detailed information

8.3.5.Installing / uninstalling softwares

8.3.5.1.Installing a package

8.3.5.2.Uninstalling a package

8.3.5.3.Reinstalling a package

8.3.5.4.Cleaning useless packages

8.3.5.5.Removing configuration residues

8.3.6.Synaptic preferences

8.4.Apper: the KDE package manager

8.4.1.Updating applications with Apper

8.4.2.Install or remove software with Apper

8.5.Packages: the simplified installation interface

8.5.1.Install or remove software with the "Packages" application

8.5.2.System updates with "Packages"

8.6.Cleaning the system

8.6.1.Disk space information

8.6.2.Cleaning the packages

8.6.3.Cleaning locales

8.6.4.Emptying the trash bins

8.6.5.Purging application caches

8.6.6.Purging the thumbnails

8.7.Installing external ".deb" packages

8.7.1.Installation in graphic mode with gdebi

8.7.2.Installation in terminal mode with Dpkg

8.8.Who is this Sid guy?

9.Back up your data

9.1.Choosing the medium

9.2.Graphical mode applications

9.2.1.Backing Up with Déjà-Dup

9.3.Manual method

9.4.Cloning the system

10.Protect your data and your privacy

10.1.Protect your system

10.1.1.Physical security

10.1.2.Updates

10.1.3.Passwords

10.2.Protect your data

10.2.1.Limit the access rights of others on your data

10.2.2.Backup your data

10.3.Antivirus software

10.4.Parental control

10.4.1.From your ISP

10.4.2.From your computer

10.5.Privacy on Internet

10.5.1.Social networks

10.6.Private navigation within your browser

10.7.Private navigation on Internet

10.7.1.Search engines

10.8.Anonymous navigation on Internet

10.8.1.Tor-Browser, an anonymous navigator

10.8.2.Tails: the anonymous distribution

11.Basic Command Memo

11.1.Browse directories

11.2.Action on files or directories

11.3.View/Compare files

11.4.Users and goups

11.5.Process

11.6.Hardware

11.7.Network

11.8.Search

11.9.Archives

11.10.Kernel

11.11.Links and references

12.Free Software directory

The web sites

Free Software Foundation

The GNU project

The Linux Foundation

The Wikimedia Foundation

Wikipedia

Wikimedia Commons

Wiktionary

Wikiquote

Wikisource

Wikibooks

Wikijuniors

Vikidia

Wikiversity

Wikispecies

Wikivoyage

Wikinews

Wikidata

Wiki Meta-wiki

Wiki Incubator

MediaWiki

The GNU/Linux distributions

Debian

Emmabuntüs

Entirely free distributions

Free software alternatives to proprietary software

Compatible hardware

13.Simplified Glossary

A

Administrator

ADSL

ALSA

Apt

Aptitude

Arobase @

Audio Format

Autonomy

B

Beast

BIOS

Boot manager

Browser

Bug

C

C

C++

Chat

Click

Client/Server

Cloud Computing

Code (to)

Code (Source)

Compile (to)

Console

Cookie(s)

Copy and paste

Core dump

Cut and paste

Cursor

D

Debian

Dependencies

Desktop Environment

Device

Dialog

Distribution

Drag and drop

E

Email

Ergonomics

F

File Manager

File system

Firewall

Firmware

Fonts

Fork

FTP

G

Geek

Graphics card

GUI

Gnome

GNU

H

Hack or Trick

Hard Drive

Hardware

High definition

HDMI

I

Icon

IM

Internet

IN/OUT

IP Address

ISP

IRC

J

Java

JPEG

K

Kernel

Keyboard Shortcut

Kiss

L

Lag (to)

Live CD

Free Software

Long (it's not gonna be)

M

Mail

Memory card

Motherboard

N

No Life

Noob

Notification Area

O

Operating System

OS

P

Package Manager

Partition

Phishing

Pixel

Plugin

PS/2 Port

Processor

Q

Queue

Quit (to)

R

RAM

Right-click

RTFM

S

Search Engine

Shortcut

Software

T

Tab

Terminal

Troll

U

Unit (Central)

Unix

Update

URL

USB

V

Virtual Desktop

VGA

VPN

W

Web

Web Browser

Wiki

Window

Window Manager

WWW

X

X Window

X Org

Y

Yes We Can

Z

Zen

Zip

Zombie

Links

14.Sources

14.1.Software used

14.2.References

14.3.Coordination & License

15.Index

16.Table of contents

 

 

Vous prendrez bien un p'tit dessert 494 … en (re)découvrant "Citizen Four"159.

495

159 http://arpinux.org/public/g33k_GNU_Linux/CitizenFour_vostfr.ogv